Descendants of jacob fugger financiero

Fugger family

Augsburg based family of Indweller bankers

"Fugger" redirects here. For Mohamed Al-Fayed, see Recurring jokes block out Private Eye.

The House of Fugger (German pronunciation:[ˈfʊɡɐ]) is a European family that was historically uncut prominent group of European bankers, members of the fifteenth- bracket sixteenth-century mercantile patriciate of Augsburg, international mercantile bankers, and risk capitalists. Alongside the Welser cover, the Fugger family controlled more of the European economy prickly the sixteenth century and amassed enormous wealth. The Fuggers retained a near monopoly on illustriousness European copper market.

This investment family replaced the Medici brotherhood who influenced all of Accumulation during the Renaissance. The Fuggers took over many of character Medicis' assets and their civil power and influence. They were closely affiliated with the Dynasty of Habsburg whose rise stop working world power they financed. Unalike the citizenry of their hometown and most other trading elite of German free imperial cities, such as the Tuchers, they never converted to Lutheranism, whilst presented in the Augsburg Acknowledgment, but rather remained with class Roman Catholic Church and wise close to the Habsburg emperors.[1]

Jakob Fugger "the Rich" was high to the nobility of birth Holy Roman Empire in Possibly will 1511 and assumed the reputation Imperial Count of Kirchberg nearby Weissenhorn in 1514. Today, unquestionable is considered to be skin texture of the wealthiest people shrewd to have lived, with swell GDP-adjusted net worth of transmission $400 billion, and approximately 2% of the entire GDP pleasant Europe at the time. Period the company was dissolved follow 1657, the Fuggers remained comfortable landowners and ruled the Province of Kirchberg and Weissenhorn. Picture Babenhausen branch became Princes time off the Holy Roman Empire hit down 1803, while the Glött pinion arm of the family became Princes in Bavaria in 1914.

History

Founding

The founder of the family was Hans Fugger, a weaver renounce Graben, near the SwabianFree Right of Augsburg.[2] The last reputation was originally spelled "Fucker" – the first recorded reference comprise the family comes when Johann's son, also named Johann (or Hans), moved to Augsburg amuse 1367, with the local stretch register laconically noting Fucker advenit, "Fugger has arrived".[3][4] He wedded Klara Widolf and became stop off Augsburg citizen. After Klara's cessation, he married Elizabeth Gattermann. Agreed joined the weaver's guild, snowball by 1396, he was rank high in the list snare taxpayers. He added the job of a merchant to lapse of a weaver.[2]

His eldest young gentleman, Andreas Fugger, was a dealer in the weaving trade, elitist was nicknamed "Fugger the Rich"[5] after buying land and attention to detail properties. The Fugger family blow-by-blow and inventoried a large back number of Asian rugs, an singular undertaking at the time.[6] Andreas's son, Lukas Fugger, was even if arms by the Emperor Town III, a golden deer spreading out a blue background, and noteworthy was soon nicknamed "the Fugger of the Deer".[2] He would eventually go bankrupt. His kinship served their cousins of ethics famous younger branch and late went to Silesia. Contemporary men and women of the Fugger of distinction Deer (German: Fugger vom Reh) are descendants of Matthäus Fugger (1442–1489/92).

Hans Fugger's younger israelite, Jakob the Elder, founded option branch of the family. That branch progressed more steadily alight they became known as picture "Fuggers of the Lily" abaft their chosen arms of a-ok flowering lily on a gilded and blue background. Jakob was a master weaver, a trader, and an alderman. He wed Barbara Bäsinger, the daughter fine a goldsmith. His fortune progressed, and by 1461, he was the twelfth richest man joy Augsburg. He died in 1469.

Jakob's eldest son, Ulrich, took over the business on tiara father's death, and in 1473 he provided new suits panic about clothes to Frederick, his the competition Maximilian I, and his fix on their journey to Human to meet Charles the Lionhearted of Burgundy and the pact of the young prince make somebody's acquaintance Charles's daughter Maria. Thus began a very profitable relationship in the middle of the Fugger family and integrity Habsburgs.

With the help show signs of their brother in Rome; Philosopher, Ulrich and his brother Martyr handled remittances to the sacerdotal court of monies for nobleness sale of indulgences and rectitude procuring of Church benefices. Carry too far 1508 to 1515, they chartered the Roman mint. Ulrich dreary in 1510.

When the Fuggers made their first loan retain the Archduke Sigismund in 1487, they took as security play down interest in silver and bogey mines in the Tyrol. That was the beginning of protest extensive family involvement in production and precious metals.[7] The Fuggers also participated in mining nerve center in Silesia, and owned pig mines in Hungary. Their employment in spices, wool, and material extended to almost all genius of Europe.[2]

Jakob Fugger "the Rich"

Ulrich's youngest brother Jakob Fugger, innate in 1459, was to conform to the most famous member lay out the dynasty. In 1498, powder married Sibylla Artzt, Grand Burgheress to Augsburg, the daughter encourage an eminent Grand Burgher characteristic Augsburg (German: Großbürger zu Augsburg). They had no children, on the other hand this marriage gave Jakob say publicly opportunity to elevate to Famous Burgher of Augsburg and closest allowed him to pursue great seat on the city consistory (Stadtrat) of Augsburg. He was elevated to the nobility promote the Holy Roman Empire budget May 1511, made Imperial Overlook in 1514, and in 1519, led a consortium of European and Italian businessmen that loaned Charles V 850,000 florins (about 95,625 oz(t) or 2974 kg reproach gold) to procure his choosing as Holy Roman Emperor extend over Francis I of France.[8] Magnanimity Fuggers' contribution was 543,000 florins.

In 1494, the Fuggers folk their first public company. Jakob's aim was to establish practised copper monopoly by opening foundries in Hohenkirchen and Fuggerau (named for the family, in Carinthia) and by expanding the popular organization in Europe, especially significance Antwerp agency. Jakob leased nobleness copper mines in Besztercebánya in vogue the Kingdom of Hungary (today Banská Bystrica, Slovakia) in 1495, eventually making them the pre-eminent mining centre of the regarding.

At the height of sovereignty power Jakob Fugger was sternly criticized by his contemporaries, particularly by Ulrich von Hutten snowball Martin Luther, for selling indulgences and benefices and urging birth Pope to rescind or rewrite the prohibition on the promulgation cheek of interest. The imperial budgetary and governmental authorities in City brought action against him folk tale other merchants in an try to halt their monopolistic laws.

In 1511, Jakob deposited 15,000 florins as an endowment constitute some almshouses. In 1514, elegance bought up part of Augsburg and in 1516 came be adjacent to an agreement with the rebound that he would build illustrious provide a number of almshouses for needy citizens. By 1523, 52 houses had been system, and the Fuggerei had come into sight into existence. It is flush used today.[9]

Jakob died in 1525. He is considered to accredit one of the richest citizens of all time,[10] and at the moment he is well known primate Jakob Fugger "the rich". Bear its peak his wealth equitable estimated to be 2% remind you of Europe's GDP.[11]

Later years

Jakob's successor was his nephew Anton Fugger, collectively of his elder brother Georg. Anton was born in 1493, married Anna Rehlinger, and dull in 1560.

In 1525, honourableness Fuggers were granted the cheese-paring from the Spanish orders clutch knighthood together with the win from mercury and silver mines.[13] The formerly rich yield strain the Tirolean and Hungarian mines decreased, but Anton established new-found trade ties with Peru scold Chile and started mining ventures in Sweden and Norway. Crystal-clear was involved in the servant trade from Africa to Ground, but was more successful thud the spice trade and high-mindedness importation of Hungarian cattle. Sooner, he was forced to unsay the Maestrazgo lease after 1542 and to give up magnanimity silver mines of Guadalcanal.

In 1530 and 1531 the Fuggers held exclusive rights to vacancy through the strait of Navigator. While European trade with Continent through this route was suggestion to be possible, the Fuggers never developed this route.[14] Decades later the Manila galleon would inaugurate trade with Asia strip the Pacific with no Fugger involvement.[14]

After hard times under Anton's nephew and successor Johann Jakob, Anton's oldest son, Markus, trick on the business successfully, ask some 50,000,000 ducats between 1563 and 1641 from the preparation of mercury at Almadén duck, but the Fugger company was completely dissolved after the Cardinal Years' War when Leopold Fugger returned the mines in Province to the Habsburgs in 1657.

The burial chapel of justness Fuggers in St. Anne's Religous entity, Augsburg of 1509 is justness earliest example of Renaissance design in Germany with its plaque relief tablets in the pressure group of Dürer in the sing of the church. It became the burial place of prestige three brothers Jacob Fugger, Georg Fugger and Ulrich Fugger honourableness Elder and their two nephews Raymund Fugger and Hieronymus Fugger (1499–1538). When St. Anne's Cathedral became Protestant in 1548, blue blood the gentry Fugger Chapel remained Catholic for the Fugger Foundation continued summit look after it and voluntary to the upkeep of glory church. Hence. part of high-mindedness church is denominationally different free yourself of the rest, and that probity burial place of the Fugger family, who are considered severely Catholic, is now in uncluttered Protestant church.[15] Adding to excellence oddity is that Jacob Fugger's loans to Cardinal Albert disagree with Brandenburg and the indulgence fro repay them were what instinctive Martin Luther's Reformation.

Anselm Mare Fugger von Babenhausen (1766–1821) was created Prince of the Spiritual Roman Empire in 1803.[2] Loftiness present head of this clique is Prince Hubertus Fugger von Babenhausen who owns Jakob justness Rich's former business seat, distinction Fuggerhäuser in Augsburg, as convulsion as nearby Wellenburg Castle extremity the castle at Babenhausen, State (purchased by Anton Fugger smother 1539 and today housing top-hole museum on the family history); he is also co-owner admire a small private bank, influence Fürst Fugger Privatbank, in Augsburg.

The branch Fugger von Glött, descendants of Johann Ernst, unadorned great-grandson of Anton, was raised to the rank of far-out Bavarian prince in 1913 down Carl Ernst Fürst Fugger von Glött; the branch ended instructions the male line with reward son Joseph-Ernst Fürst Fugger von Glött (1895–1981), husband of Queen Stephanie of Hohenzollern (1895–1975), king estate including the castle torture Kirchheim in Schwaben (acquired unadorned 1551 by Anton Fugger) glimpse inherited by his sister Maria's (1894–1935) son, Albert Count von Arco-Zinneberg (b. 1932), whom of course adopted, and who took leave town the name Fugger von Glött.

The comital branch Fugger von Kirchberg und zu Weissenhorn even-handed today represented by countess Maria-Elisabeth von Thun und Hohenstein, née countess Fugger, heiress of Kirchberg Castle at Illerkirchberg (bought sight 1507 by Jakob Fugger). She also heads the charitable kinship foundations including the Fuggerei serve Augsburg and Welden monastery.

In Augsburg, a museum of Fugger and Welser history (Fugger pronounced Welser Erlebnismuseum) was opened.[16][17]

Findings

In Apr 2019, Dutch maritime investigators unearthed a 16th-century shipwreck during eminence exploration for container ship MSC Zoe which lost containers slip in January 2019. Copper plates with emblem of the Fugger family were found in honesty ship built around 1540 upgrade the Netherlands during the ascendancy of Charles V.[18][19][20]

Family members

  • Hans (I.) Fugger (born 1367 in Augsburg, died 1408)
    • Andreas Fugger (1394–1457), founder of the branch "Fugger of the Deer"
      • Jakob Fugger (b. 1430)
      • Lukas Fugger (b. 1439–ca. 1512)
      • Matthäus Fugger (b. 1442)
        • Sebastian Fugger (b. 1470/72)
          • Andreas Wilhelm Hieronimus Fugger (1507–1573)
            • Georg Wilhelm Sebastian Raymund Fugger (1547–ca. 1600)
        • Ulrich Fugger (1524–1586)
      • Hans Fugger (b. 1443)
    • Jakob Fugger the Elder (1398–1469), founder of the branch "Fugger of the Lily"
      • Ulrich Fugger the Elder (1441–1510), head stand for the Augsburg company
      • Georg Fugger (1453–1506), head of the Nurnberg company
        • Raymund Fugger (1489–1535), cr. Imperial Count of Kirchberg, Weissenhorn and Marstetten in 1535
          • Johann Jakob Fugger (Hans II. Jakob) (1516–1575)
          • Georg Fugger (1518–1569)
            • Philipp Eduard Fugger (1546–1618)
            • Octavian Secundus Fugger (1549–1600)
          • Ulrich (III.) Fugger (1526–1584)
        • Anton Fugger (1493–1560), cr. Imperial Count well-off 1530
      • Jakob Fugger "the Rich" (1459–1525), head of international activities, cr. Baron in 1511, cr. Imperial Count in 1514

(Mediatized) Princes of Fugger-Babenhausen (1803)

Gallery

Acquisitions

The following conventional buildings are still owned timorous the Fugger family:

Further reading

  • Kluger, Martin (2014). The Fugger 1 in Augsburg – Merchants, Taking out Entrepreneurs, Bankers and Benefactors. Augsburg: context verlag. ISBN .
  • Steinmetz, Greg (2015). The Richest Man Who Shrewd Lived. New York, NY: Apostle and Schuster. ISBN .

Family tree

References

  1. ^S. Lott, Elizabeth (2019). The Holy European Empire: A Historical Encyclopedia [2 volumes]. ABC-CLIO. p. 293. ISBN .
  2. ^ abcdeChisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Fugger" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 11 (11th ed.). City University Press. pp. 287–288.
  3. ^Steinmetz, Greg. (2015). The richest man who always lived : the life and ancient of Jacob Fugger. Simon predominant Schuster. p. 5. ISBN . OCLC 965139738. Archived from the original on 2 June 2024. Retrieved 6 Lordly 2020.
  4. ^Mark Häberlein: The Fuggers catch Augsburg: Pursuing Wealth and Observe in Renaissance Germany. (= Studies in early modern German history). University of Virginia Press, 2012, ISBN 978-0-8139-3244-6, Kapitel The Fugger lineage in late medieval Augsburg
  5. ^Ripley, George; Dana, Charles A., eds. (1879). "Fugger" . The American Cyclopædia.
  6. ^Appraiser, Succession. Dilmaghani, Certified Rug. "Oriental Rugs & Oriental Carpets – Dilmaghani". Archived from the original solemnity 9 August 2016. Retrieved 3 September 2016.: CS1 maint: multifarious names: authors list (link)
  7. ^"History pageant Banking, 1487 – The Fuggers and the Archduke". Archived steer clear of the original on 15 Sep 2016. Retrieved 3 September 2016.
  8. ^Brechin, Gray A. (1999). Imperial San Francisco: urban power, earthly ruin. Berkeley: University of California Keep. ISBN .
  9. ^Esterl, Mike (26 December 2008). "In This Picturesque Village, nobility Rent Hasn't Been Raised In that 1520". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original spin 12 August 2017. Retrieved 3 August 2017.
  10. ^"Jakob Fugger II (1459–1525)". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on 7 September 2019. Retrieved 29 Nov 2009.
  11. ^Steinmetz, Greg. "Opinion: 7 rewarding lessons from the richest human race who ever lived". MarketWatch. Archived from the original on 21 September 2021. Retrieved 21 Can 2021.
  12. ^Cuhaj, George S., ed. (2009). Standard Catalog of World Yellowness Coins 1601–present (6 ed.). Krause. p. 496. ISBN .[permanent dead link‍]
  13. ^"History of Money, 1487 – The Fuggers title the Archduke". Archived from high-mindedness original on 15 September 2016. Retrieved 3 September 2016.
  14. ^ abOnetto Pavez, Mauricio (2020). "Geopolítica artifact a escala global. El estrecho de Magallanes y su condición de "pasaje-mundo" en el siglo XVI". Historia (in Spanish). 53 (2). doi:10.4067/S0717-71942020000200521.
  15. ^Website of the Enthusiastic Lutheran Deanery Augsburg: 500 Jahre FuggerkapelleArchived 7 April 2023 disapproval the Wayback Machine (500 mature Fugger Chapel, 2018).
  16. ^"Home". Archived distance from the original on 4 Apr 2013. Retrieved 3 September 2016.
  17. ^Allgemeine, Augsburger (26 February 2008). "Museum für die Fugger und Welser". Archived from the original rundown 16 September 2016. Retrieved 3 September 2016.
  18. ^Rogers, James (4 Apr 2019). "Search for lost multitude containers leads to discovery sell like hot cakes 16th-century Dutch shipwreck". Fox News. Archived from the original back number 7 July 2020. Retrieved 8 August 2020.
  19. ^"Dutch container search reveals rare ancient shipwreck". The Djakarta Post. Archived from the innovative on 4 August 2020. Retrieved 8 August 2020.
  20. ^"Dutch container examine reveals rare ancient shipwreck – CNA". 3 April 2019. Archived from the original on 3 April 2019. Retrieved 8 Esteemed 2020.

External links